Police Arrestness In Israel - 1105 Words

When police arrest people in Israel, they are sent to the Prison Authority a national holding facility. Previously before a criminal justice reform that occurred in 2008 police stations had space to jail arrestees (Ater, I., Givati, Y., Rigbi, O., 2014). Currently, arrestees will be only spending a few hours in police custody. This reform freed up resources for the police to focus on crime and not maintaining the jails. The reform was initiated due to an escaped rapist Benny Sela, who escaped police custody (Ater, I., Givati, Y., Rigbi, O., 2014). The Prison Authority specializes in minimizing escapes, unlike the police. This change was to make sure this did not happen again. The number of arrests in Israel went up 11 percent and the†¦show more content†¦This study showed how organizational change can lead to positive outcomes such as cost-saving benefits as well as a decrease of crime. This type of reform can be used in other jurisdictions such as the United States of America in which they do not use a system of incarceration for arrestees like Israel. Community Police Relations The police and their relationship with the community is an important aspect of policing. Israel is known as a deeply divided society which Jews and Arabs relationship with the police greatly differ (Weitzer, 1995). In Israel, Jews have stronger relationships with the police than Arabs in general. The Druze minority group of the Israel is similar to the Jews in regard to the views of the police, but the Christian and Muslim Arabs as well as ultra-orthodox Jews generally share negative relationships with the police. The tension that is prevalent in deeply divided nations has been associated with unfair and unbalance policing that often targets minorities (Weitzer, 1995). The tension between Arabs and the police in Israel have been shown in extreme examples such as during the riots at the Al-Aksa Mosque in the year 2000 (Brym, R. J., Araj, B., 2008). This resulted in 12 Arab Israelis being shot dead in 8 days by police. Cases like this have not happened with Jewish Israeli citizens. Research on the police viewing minorities as a criminal threat

The Proctor s Goals Essay - 863 Words

Corrissa Proctor’s Goals essay Goals are a part of everyday life. From gaining the strength to get out of bed in the morning to winning that blue medal around your neck, everybody has made a goal once in their life. Sometimes it can be as easy as saying you’re not going to eat that last cupcake on the platter in front of you or as hard as saying â€Å"Hello† to that special someone in your life that you find adorable, either way you have made a goal. It’s also important to remember there is short term goals and long term goals. Short term goals are easier to achieve and can be very helpful in leading up to your long term goals. We can even classify our goals into personal goals, academic goals, and professional goals, as well as others. Whether we like to believe it goals play an important part in our lives. They keep us on track with what we want to accomplish in life. Some of my biggest goals were made as a child and others where just by surprise. However now I have much different goals set for myself. I have three main goals that can be separated into a personal, professional, and academic area. A personal goal is to become a great runner and roll model. A professional goal of mine is to become a nurse to help others in need and finally, my academic goal is to get a 3.5 GPA and graduate college. All these goals can be accomplished with hard work and dedication just like any other goal in life. We all want to strive for the best and sometimes we need smaller goals to helpShow MoreRelatedDramatic Irony in the Crucible862 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 10, essay The Crucible, option 2 In â€Å"The Crucible†, Arthur Miller uses dramatic irony to create anxiety, frustration and to demonstrate the tension between the people about the lies of witchcraft in Salem. I. The author creates tension in the story by using Abigail who accuses innocent people of witchery. 1.) Abigail wants Elizabeth to get hanged so she can be back with John again. 2.) Abigail turns herself against Mary Warren after she confessed in court. II. The author createsRead MoreProduct Market Analysis : Procter And Gamble Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pagesoverall brand strategy and innovations with new product and upgrades, along with marketing plans. Proctor and Gamble customers include merchandisers such as stores, grocery stores, drug stores, membership clubs, department stores and salon distributors with their e-commerce sites. Procter and Gamble is responsible for developing and executing a market plan at local levels by utilizing the Company s Sales and Market Operations (SMO). (Thomson Reuters) The SMO includes the retail customer trade andRead MoreIdentity Management, Concepts, And Definitions1734 Words   |  7 Pages(1) The Topic: Identity Management, Concepts, and Definitions What is Identity Management? In sociological terms it is communication strategy which is goal-oriented. 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Marketing scenario Free Essays

Positioned as an premium offering focused to lowest overall cost to end users through superior overall performance. Leader in quality , performance and technological innovation Product lines Carton sealing and industrial tapes Specialized adhesives Other packaging products SKI tape – Manufactured using patented technology and a brand name for pressure sensitive carton sealing tape Every high tensile strength and sheer resistance Positioning High Price K Products Low Quality High Quality ‘pack Tensile New Product Low Price Problem Statement ; K tape competed against inferior economy grade products in carton sealing type ; ‘PACK offered 25-35% lesser price ; Revenue of K- $68. 6 million ‘PACK – $28. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing scenario or any similar topic only for you Order Now 5 million 2012 ; Tensile -a new competitor had $2. 7 million dollar sale with one sales representative Should SST stay with high quality product or enter the economy grade segment ? Option 1: Enter the economy grade segment under the same brand PROS Access to the economy segment Defend market share against competition Diversification of product portfolio CONS Dilution of the brand image as a maker of technological superior product Conceptualization of its own product offering Accoutered product line Option 2: Enter the economy grade segment under different brand Implications for: Customer ; Ability to fulfill need of price sensitive customers ; Possibility of change in perception of being a quality leader Distributor ; Possibility to offer a low end SST product ; Even wider product range; Limited sales force Sales Force ; Ability to offer more variety in terms of price levels ; More effort to explain product differences Brand ; No positive impact ; Negative impact on brand image Option 2: Stay with high-quality products ; Maintaining image of quality Leader ; Loss of Market share; Not targeting price sensitive consumers ; No need for adjustment in distribution policy. How to cite Marketing scenario, Papers

Principles of Auditing and Assurance Services

Question: Discuss about the Principles of Auditing and Assurance Services. Answer: Introduction This study deals with auditing and ethical practices in an accounting firm. In this particular assignment, emphasis has been given on assisting students for developing critical analysis skills (Porter et al., 2014). It aligns with auditor dependence as well as issues for accepting the audit engagements. At a minimum, it means Fellowes as well as Associates for applying safeguards in section 290.177 aligning with respect to intangible assets valuation (Louwers et al., 2013). In other words, the valuation needs to be reviewed by an additional professional accountant who works as external audit team for obtaining the client acknowledgement of responsibility of financial valuation. Fellowes and Associates Chartered Accountants is one of the victorious mid-tier secretarial firm concerned with large variety of customers in and transversely the Australia. In the year 2014, Fellowes as well as Associates gains new client for HCHG (Health Care Holdings Group) for owning 100% for the business entities (Messier, 2016). Independence issues in accepting engagements After analyzing situation 1, it is noticed that one of the accountants intends for becoming a part of 2014 audit team for owning shares in HCHG. In this condition, interest of accountants is not material to him. Section AUST290.41.3 of APES 110 explains that the monetary interest in a client mostly creates self-interest threat. It is important to consider the fact that owing shares in an engagement client mainly help in creating direct financial interest (Hayes et al., 2014). As per Section 290.204, it means the auditor needs to consider the nature of financial interest for determining the threat significance as well as appropriate safeguards. In other words, matter to consider whereby shareholding is direct or indirect for acting as a role of the assurance team (Eilifsen et al. 2013) It implies that financial interest owns shares in the client company after creation of self-interest threat (Louwers et al., 2013). This particular section goes on to state for an auditor by considering nature of financial interest for determining the implication of the risk as well as suitable safeguard. Addition to that, potential issues like how material holds as well as understanding the senior managerial role in an effective way. As per 290.106, it means if a associate of the declaration Team or in case instant family member has express adherence to fiscal attention as well as material indirect financial interest (DeFond Zhang, 2014). In other words, Assurance client considers as one of the self-interest threat after creating significant evidence from elimination of threat or reduce it to given acceptance level This involves disposing the undeviating economic interest previous to individual for becoming a associate of reassurance Team (Arens et al., 2012). In other words, it relies upon disposing of indirect financial interest in remaining interest and acting as member of Assurance Team. Therefore, it requires removing of member of Assurance Team especially from assurance engagement. Self-interest threat majorly takes place when firm or an associate of the Assurance team is benefited from monetary interest as well as other self-interest disagreement from an Assurance client (Anderson et al., 2014). There are various examples of situations whereby it create threat involving limiting activities especially in case of direct monetary attention or material indirect monetary attention especially from an declaration client. In other words, financial interest in a pledge client helps in creating self-interest intimidation (Porter et al., 2014). It helps in evaluate the meaning of threat as well as suitable safeguards for eliminating the threat or reducing at given acceptance level. Therefore, it requires evaluating the role of person who is responsible to hold financial interest as well as materiality of financial interest and financial interest types (Louwers et al., 2013). The key questions arise whereby an item is material as well as degree of subjectivity especially in the valuation services (Hayes et al., 2014). As far as intangibles are considered, it is stated subjective attributes as per valuation of real property such as land as well as buildings. This means Fellowes as well as Associates for withdrawing from the audit or client for obtaining another independent valuation of intangibles (Eilifsen et al. 2013). The question arises whereby it state valuation services prior to audit engagement for accepting the activities. There is no conflict between Followers as well as Associates duties acting as valuer and auditor (Louwers et al., 2013). Therefore, for the role of (Auditors, Fellowes and Associates), it is essential for providing an opinion especially on the valuation revealed in the near future. As per APES 110 ss. 290.174 to 290.179, it addresses the potential issues surrounding the stipulation of services valuation to an declaration client (Hayes et al., 2014). The main problem arises from financial report audit for gathering evidence regarding client valuation of the assets. If an auditor provides client valuation, then the auditor requires auditing his or her own work (Eilifsen et al. 2013). Other safeguards majorly apply within valuable situations as per section 290.177 connecting: It includes an added expert accountant who was not a associate of assurance group for reviewing the job done (Louwers et al., 2013). It means confirming the audit consumer for thoughtful the fundamental assumption for assessment as well as methodology for obtaining the approval for use (Porter et al., 2014) It involves obtaining the audit client acknowledgement of responsibility resulting from work performed by audit firm (Hayes et al., 2014) It involves in making arrangements whereby personnel provides services who does not participate in the audit engagement matters (Hayes et al., 2014) Conclusion At the end of the study, it is concluded that in the future, audit team should not perform financial valuation especially for audit clients who are likely to subject of financial report audit. These are majorly immaterial in nature as well as poses low degree of subjectivity. The client may obtain another independent financial valuation as well as Fellowes and Associates after withdrawing the audit. Reference List Anderson, U. L., Gaynor, L. M., Hackenbrack, K. E., Lisic, L. L., Wu, Y. J. (2014). Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on PCAOB Release No. 2013-009, Proposed Rule on Improving the Transparency of Audit: Proposed Amendments to PCAOB Auditing Standards to Provide Disclosure in the Auditor's Report of Certain Participants in the Audit: Participating Committee Members. Current Issues in Auditing, 8(2), C1-C7. Arens, A. A., Elder, R. J., Beasley, M. S. (2012). Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Prentice Hall. DeFond, M., Zhang, J. (2014). A review of archival auditing research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 58(2), 275-326. Eilifsen, A., Messier, W. F., Glover, S. M., Prawitt, D. F. (2013). Auditing and assurance services. McGraw-Hill. Hayes, R., Wallage, P., Gortemaker, H. (2014). Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Louwers, T. J., Ramsay, R. J., Sinason, D. H., Strawser, J. R., Thibodeau, J. C. (2013). Auditing and assurance services. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Messier Jr, W. (2016). Auditing assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Porter, B., Simon, J., Hatherly, D. (2014). Principles of external auditing. John Wiley Sons.

The Beatles Essays (1687 words) - Counterculture Of The 1960s

The Beatles The Beatles The Beatles were an extremely popular and influential group in Rock n' Roll. My question is, "Why?" What drew thousands upon thousands of screaming fans to these four British musicians? Was it something in the sound of the instruments? Could it have been the bass beat, or maybe the guitar playing? What about their lyrics? They had a certain personality, too. Was that it? Let's look at each of these, and some other factors as well. What is the first thing you wonder when you hear something new on the radio? You wonder who sings it. The first thing you see when you pick up an album is who sings or performs it. Hmm? This suggests the power of a catchy title. Something out of the ordinary to catch the eye. Something misspelled, perhaps? The Beetles? No, The Beatles. What's in their name? In the words of Beatle John Lennon, "when you hear it, the name is little crawly things. When you see it, it's"beat" music." I think that's quite attractive to a record store browser, don't you? Of course, another thing that could catch a browsing customer would be the pictures on the album. The fronts of record albums are versatile that way because one can fit a lot on them. I have looked at the images on a few Beatles' records and, I must say, they are rather attractive and flashy. One particular cover that I was able to view is an album that went unreleased due to its picture. On the cover there is a photograph of The Beatles in a butcher shop with carcasses hanging around them; it certainly caught the eye. On another album, the boys were all dressed up in Spanish bullfighter uniforms that were gaudy enough to catch the eye of a blind man. The sounds that the ear hears in a song are without a doubt important to the person's opinion of that song. To examine the sound of the instruments, I played the Anthology music through a stereo with adjustable graphic equalizers. On a few songs, I isolated the bass, and therefore the bass beat, then the treble, which includes vocals and guitar, and finally, the background, which is mostly Ringo's drums. The first thing I noticed was a particularly catchy beat. It was generally quick and moderately heavy. This would seem to be easy to dance, or toe tap, to. I also listened intently to the guitar throughout the songs, especially the guitar solos. George Harrison plays solos in "I Saw Her Standing There" and "Money", that sound quick and surge forth with an ear catching sound. Other bits, in "Free as a Bird" and "Cry for a Shadow", for example, slowly twanged along. The background sound of the drum is generally not as noticeable in the music. The drums were generally drowned out by the guitar and vocals; only the clanging of the symbols is clearly heard. It seems as though the drums are almost completely absent in some songs like "She Loves You", "I Want to Hold Your Hand", and "Can't Buy Me Love". Simple logic leads me to believe that the drums, other than bass, were not a significant contributor to their success because, if you can't hear them, what's the use? I am a musician myself, and I have heard music that sounds as though it would be difficult to play. However, I don't hear that in most Beatles music. Perhaps, a simpler technical structure made it easier to understand their music. Another possibility is that other bands were able to cover (Play songs that aren't theirs) some music of the Beatles easier, and therefore, help to spread the Beatles' music around. For the most part, Rock songs consisted of things teenagers are into and experiencing. Of course, the most prominent of those things are raw passion and sexuality. When the Beatles, or any group for that matter, sang about love, and the actions and emotions associated with teenage love, the new generation was naturally attracted to their singing. Of course, there is also the age-old issue of teenage rebellion. Think for a second, here. What is the last thing a parent wants their child listening to? Songs about fast cars? No, those are okay. Songs about raw passion and sexuality? Bingo! Aren't ulterior motives wonderful? What teenager is not going to enjoy watching their parents cringe with the sound of their favorite song? The Beatles were different, though. They sang the same music, but people were not threatened by them. "Happiness is a Warm Gun" and

BMW

BMW BMW is a German manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles, and aircraft engines. It is one of the top luxury car manufacturers in Europe, North America, and the world today. The company?s initials, BMW, stand for Bayerische Motoren Werke, which in English translates to Bavarian Motor Works. BMW is based in Munich, Germany, and is Europe?s leading automobile exporter.The company can trace back its history to 1913, when Bavarian Karl Rapp started an aircraft engine shop and self-named it Rapp Motor Works. When Rapp resigned, in 1917, the company was taken over by Austrian engineer Franz-Josef Popp who renamed it to what it is currently known as. That same year, Max Friz, the company?s chief engineer, designed BMW?s first aircraft engine. This in turn created a strong demand for BMW?s engines. In effect, BMW?s emblem reflects the company?s beginnings by representing a rotating airplane propeller. Then, when the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 prohibited German companies from fabricating air crafts and aircraft engines, the company began producing air brakes for railways.BMW Welt, Munich, Germany Espaà ±ol: BMW Welt, Mà ºn...In1923, BMW launched its second product line, the R32, a motorcycle, which kept its record speed in motorcycles, for most of the 1930?s.

Developing Writing Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Developing Writing Skills - Essay Example My gretest wekness in writing hs lwys been to pln, write, nd revise n essy. In generl I lck bsic knowledge bout how to pproch writing nd the writing process s whole. Prticulrly, I hve difficulty in developing n essy in the following res: () generting content, (b) creting nd orgnizing structure for compositions, (c) formulting gols nd higher plns, (d) quickly nd efficiently executing the mechnicl spects of writing, nd (e) revising text nd reformulting gols. Generting content for n essy typiclly begins with brinstorming. During this pre-writing phse, writers tke time to reflect on their topic, select n udience, nd develop ides. Skilled writing depends, in lrge prt, on student's bility to pln before composing during this phse. My wekness is tht I do not spend much time prepring to write. Insted, I often begin writing s soon s I m given n ssignment with little or no preprtion. Furthermore, I tend to rely on n ssocitive technique wherein I simply write whtever comes to mind. Beginning to write immeditely fter receiving n ssignment does not llow dequte gol setting or plnning--two importnt techniques pplied by successful writers. Subsequently, I pper unsure of wht to do when I m given time to pln. Sometimes I do not regrd strtegies in the prewriting phse s vluble tools nd fil to utilize meningful techniques to become successful writer. I lso experience difficulty when ttempting to generte content nd orgnize structure for compositions. This problem my be ttributed to their under-utiliztion of strtegies for retrieving useful informtion. Thus, sometimes I view writing ssignment s question/nswer tsk involving little preprtion. Formulting gols nd objectives, strtegy tht experienced writers use to pln nd execute higher-level writing skills, is third re of difficulty for me. Writing cn be chrcterized s problem-solving tsk tht includes identifying gols for writing s well s the mens to chieve them. During nd fter writing, these gols re ssessed to determine whether student needs to redefine the gols or continue with the writing process. In my writing strtegy I choose from list of gols tht I feel my pper should ccomplish nd thn I brek the writing tsk into severl prts: () generte product nd process gols, (b) develop notes, (c) orgnize notes, (d) write nd continue the process of plnning, nd (e) evlute success t obtining gols. fter being tught the gol-setting strtegy, I meet the gols I hve set for my essys 90% of the time. My strength in writing is tht I m ble to quickly nd effectively execute the mechnicl spects of writing. Specificlly, in comprison to my peers, I mke considerbly more spelling, cpitliztion, nd punctution errors in compositions, nd my hndwriting is less legible. Bsic skills like spelling, grmmr, nd hndwriting re usully not tught t the high school level. I lso think tht my strength in writing is in formtion sentences. I hve well-developed sense of sentence style nd produce long nd completed sentences. Thus, the repetition of simple sentences nd frequent use of run-on sentences re not common for my style. For exmple, I edit for the conventions of writing s they proceed with composing their ides nd during the post-writing stge for refinement. nother re of difficulty in writing for me is the revision of my writing. The revision process is n

Management Project Economic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management Project Economic Analysis - Essay Example The process has a byproduct of poly-di-isopropyl-benzene, which is easily separated by fractionation section. The byproduct is produced by an additional reactor. In order to attain a lower cost and higher purity, recycle streams are used in the process. Further, temperature regulation is essential since the reaction occurs at high temperatures.  The process has a byproduct of poly-di-isopropyl-benzene, which is easily separated by fractionation section. The byproduct is produced by an additional reactor. In order to attain a lower cost and higher purity, recycle streams are used in the process. Further, temperature regulation is essential since the reaction occurs at high temperatures.   With reference to economic analysis, FCI has a total of 16.53 M$ that comprises of 14.53 M$ ISBL and 2.0 M$ OSBL. As such, cash flow statement indicates that the payments will be rendered in full amounts within three years. Both the furnace and heat exchanger use ISBL while the feed tank uses OSB L. The impact of net present value (NPVO) on CumCF in a period of 3.2 years is 150.72 M$ and NPV 12 with an interest of 15% is 552.46 M$. The IRR is 24.28 % with a payback of 3.2 years, which implies that this project is viable and profitable.   Considering economic sensitivities, FCI changes because of utilities and product price. From the information gathered, this project is profitable since the involved product is worth and FCI is low in terms of the cost of the product and raw material. The quantitative comparison indicates that changes in product price and FCI are critical and sensitive.   In conclusion, this project is sensitive to product price changes, as well as FCI changes. However, the project is viable and profitable. Nevertheless, there is a need to gather economic information on Cumene price changes and establish the demand for the product. For now, there is a need to increase the production rate of the product.  

Brochure, Data Repository Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brochure, Data Repository - Assignment Example The Patient-Keeper Business Continuity will serve as a secondary access point for physicians and other hospital/clinical staff thereby keeping the hospital running. The system also supports web portal and other mobile devices; thus, enabling the clinicians accessing current information as would be in the case of downtime. Data captured from new patients during downtime using this application are automatically synchronized into the main system once they are set up. Key Features of Data Repository The backbend systems in the form of abstract application data HIS domains and multiple hospital systems aggregated data Complete patients’ information with historical data loader Purges and achieves data defined or based on parameters Benefits Lower costs for upgrading or changing HIS since there is no need of retaining physicians There is room for adding hundreds or thousands of portal users without interfering with HIS load It reduces IT costs for continuity especially during HIS dow ntime Helps in accessing, integrating, and solving challenges in hospitals and health care systems It performs it's intended services without replacing the existing systems It acts on the top layer in the help formation systems thereby providing simple, rich, and timely information to both patients and health care providers. Health care systems and patient can collect data concerning Patient Keeper Data Repository since they can use the same data: To analyze the system across time periods Adopt variance analysis across different scenarios Drill down into the collected data towards understanding the system Use that data for real time consolidation across varied entities Database A database is a term referring to a collection of information that are organized in an effective and effective way to allow computer programs to be selected easily according to the desired data pieces. Therefore, the database can be regarded as an electronic filing system. Traditionally, databases are often o rganized according to fields, records, and files. Database files are single pieces of information wile records are complete sets of fields that are contained in a collection referred to files (Kroenke, 2012). For instance, files analogously are related to telephone books that contain a list of records each of which is defined under three main fields including name, address, and the telephone number. The information in the database is usually accessed through the database management system (Kroenke, 2012). The database management system is a collection of programs that facilitate feeding, organizing, and selecting data from the database. Primary Key is a relational table that identifies each record in the database system uniquely. The Primary Key can be either a normal attribute that has unique features such the table’s social number security, or the DBMS can generate the Primary Key through globally unique identifiers. It should be noted that the primary key has a single or m ultiple unique attributes that are combined as a unit. The vital features of primary keys are that it must contain a unique value to each data row and it can never contain a null value (Kroenke, 2012). The foreign key is a group of columns within a relational database table. Notably, the foreign key links between any two data in two different tables. Therefore, it acts as a cross reference between these tables

Exploring visions of capitalism exits

Exploring visions of capitalism exits What is capitalism? Based on (Fulcher J 2004), capitalism is en essentially investment of money in the expectation of making profit. Thus, capitalism is a special social structure where both the selling and buying of commodities organized by capital dominate human economic activities. Capitalism has expanded in social relations of production, distribution and consumption. In this essay, Im going to talk about the several visions and also the terms of capitalism, also not forget how has the global capitalist systemevolved over the two centuriesà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ There are several types of visions of capitalism exits. Liberal vision means an economy with self-regulating market with free trade and no state will step in to interference. Marxian vision which expand global system but based on exploitation of workers by capitalists and liable to crisis as result of gap between total wages and value of goods and services. Schumpeterian vision stresses the role of entrepreneur investment and saving in order to gain profit and also over-investment in the market. Polanyian vision which is stresses utopian nature of free market and dependence on state intervention, leading to social strains to generate demand for state regulation. Lastly, Keynesian vision which is try to reach equilibrium below full employment levels. In order to keep the full employment, state has to put money into the economy to restore confidence and boost demand. According to (Makoto Itoh1988) merchant capitalism has grown about two and half centuries until the middle of the eighteenth century for the explosive expansion of world trade with the invention of new continent and worldwide sea routes. It is a term described by economist that an earliest phase in the development of capitalism. Based on ((Randy Hodson,Teresa A.Sullivan 2008), merchant capitalism grew not as a way to organized production but as a way to organize trade. (Fulcher J 2004) stated that merchant capitalism is the investment in order to generate huge profit by risk and long-distance trading ventures , and the profit is the result of scarcity and distance. Merchants have to made money by investing in goods that they sold at profit. According (Makoto Itoh1988) the beginning of seventeen century mercantilism appeared as bullionism, where silver and gold was treated as treasure. Thus, the growth of wealth was measured by accumulation of these metals which served as money. So, m ercantilist known the importance of manufacturing industries and foreign trade was the source of national wealth and treasure. After that, based on (Makoto Itoh1988) mercantilism turned to a typical police balance of trade system where the total nation balance of trade rather than the balance of each individual bargain was underlined. There is argument about state should export more goods than imported in order to let foreigners pay the bullion, and only raw materials that cant extract at home should be imported. Thus, subsidies for export and creation of monopolies among the trading companies in order to encourage home production of manufactured goods. Capitalism production is specific in commercial supplied inputs and outputs of production through the market. The whole production process is restructured with the economic rationality of capitalism, which price is described the relationships between input and output. The profit depended ultimately on workers so production itself becomes directly a source of capital growth, based on the commercial exploitation of surplus labor. According to( Fulcher J 2004), capitalist production is based on wage labor and a clear line of division and conflict emerges between the owners of capital, who own what Karl Marx called the means of production and those who sell their labor in exchange for wages. Means of production are those factories, tools and the machinery to create a product. A worker can sell his labor to capitalist for a wage in any activity or investment that will bring profit to a capitalist. For the example of cotton mills, apart from heavy machinery cost, wages were the main cost o f the company. So, Wages costs were minimized by replace less skilled and cheaper labor as work together with invention of technology made this possible. On other hand, Industrial capitalism required continuous work , based on (Fulcher J 2004), workers had become, as Marx put it wage slaves. Anarchic capitalism also known as liberalization market was the stage in 18th and early 19thcenturies when industrial capitalism made its breakthrough. It was anarchic because participants can seize and defend resources without regulation. Economist Murray Rothbard defined the term of anarchy society as one where there is no legal possibility of coercive aggression against the person or property of any individual. According to anarchic capitalism, the personal activities or economic activities would be regulated by private law rather than politics yet entrepreneurs competitors will provide law enforcement, courts rather than through taxation. Anarchic capitalism argued that society should based on the voluntary trade of private property and services which consists of money, consumer goods, capitals goods or land to maximize individual liberty and wealth. (Kaletsky ) stated that the ideology is clear that a capitalist system based on private property and profit was an elemental force of nature, governed by iron laws of economics that were as immune to human manipulation as a hurricane. The general beliefs of laissez-fair which dominant throughout this 150 year period is that economics and politics are two different areas in human activity and emotion that should remain different in the interest of economic and political progress. In anarchic capitalism what is important is the way of gain property without roadblock from the compulsory state and the most economically beneficial is through voluntary trade rather than government intervention. Government intervention extensively in the economy, essentially through high and var iable trade tariffs and excise taxes in order to raise revenues. Not only that, according to (Kaletsky) there were also used to favor influential industries or social interests such as textile manufacturers or yeoman farmers. Nevertheless, according to (Kaletsky), laissez-faire capitalism has been succumbed because of its internal contradictions just like what Marx had predicted before. Anarchist romantics repulsed, according to Keyness description suggested, one of the reason might be the revolutionary groups of 1880-1915 period that exceed achievements in their destructive political impact by terrorists of PLO or IRA. So, by 1914, free market capitalism was declining and the internal contradiction that identified by Marx were toward a systemic breakdown. In 1919, Keynes warning there will be an economic catastrophe foreshadowed. Then, financial earthquakes of hyperinflation in Weimar Germany and also Great Depression happened on 1930s. Based on (Kaletsky), during nineteenth-century politico-economic system was still in death throws and capitalism had become extinct so the system has to opt for reform. Managed capitalism which born out of the economic disaster in the interwar period was begin in second half of 19th century which thrived for roughly 40 years and came to its peak in 1970s. Thus, its the policies that Keynes had been recommending to British government. The (Fulcher J2004) stated that competition and market regulation declined as both sides of industry become more organized and as state management and control increased. One of the remarkable transformation occurred in the 1930s was the invention of government economist. According to (Kaletsky), the interactions between the government and market in anarchic capitalism has been consider incidental to economic activity and generally damaging to it as government need to raise revenues by tariffs and taxes for the main reason which is fighting war. So, landlord or manufacturers have to pay for tariffs to protect them for low-cost foreign competition. There is no one belief that the working of the market will be improved eve n there is intervention of Bank England in money market and also motivation of self-interests of City London or British finance to quell panics. According to (Kaletsky), Prime minister has described that the governments reaction to Keyness early proposal to lift the British economy out of Great Depression. The macroeconomic condition was transformed by collapse of global trade and industry in early 1930. As what stated in (Kaletsky), public outrage intensified over mass unemployment, the twin threats of socialist revolution and fascist dictatorship forced democratic politicians to engage with the economy in ways that classical economist had never imagined. Next, government been offered a freedom of action by the time gold standard has been breakdown. Then, based on economists and politicians that the upshot was that if unguided by government, capitalism was ruinously and unstable. The (Kaletsky) stated that a competent government will protect the public and also economy from unavoid able anarchy of free market. But from the 1960 onwards, economy crisis hit the world. Not only Britain but also other countries like Italy, France were facing inflation and even assassination from terrorism. Thus, breakdown of the international monetary system in 1971 leads a death blows and collapsed to manage capitalism. According to (Kaletsky), a lethal combination of high inflation and mass unemployment known as stagflation appeared in the economy. After the 1979 Iranian Revolution, capitalism in this period was faced the same problem as the early one in 1930s, it had to transform itself to survive or choose to become extinct. Why did managed capitalism collapsed is probably caused of corporatist institution couldnt work in the end, government had failed to regulate prices and incomes because the cooperation wasnt been engineered between unions and employers. Remarketized capitalism period happened on 1980s after the collapsed of managed capitalism and its revival of market forces. Thus, in 1981-1982,based on (Kaletsky) monetarism has been applied to tame of inflation by revival of free or competitive markets, prevent distorted by state intervention, always keep a capitalist economy in balance, producing efficient and rational outside ,including economic stability and full employment. What causes the crisis of capitalism in 1970s? Its the consequence of errors in monetary policy. Additionally, another reason of the great inflation and breakdown of Keynesian capitalism was probably the private enterprise hard to afford the high taxes, the militant unions they empowered and especially the Increase of powerfu l labor movement brings class conflict and pressure for income redistribution. Next, Keynesian full-employment built a natural tensions over the distribution of wagers and profit between workers and capitalists in the economic system. By the late 1960s, the top priority of government policy was maintain full employment then the labor militancy intensified to achieve the escalate demand so a postwar generation of workers had grown up. Thus, according (Kaletsky), companies felt confident to pay offers that were needed to stave off labor militancy and strikes. So inflation was created as result. Government has to restore discipline into the labor market in order to stop the inflation. So, government has to abandon full employment policies and also create condition to millions workers who going to lose their jobs. In 1943, self-destruction of Keynesian full-employment was predicted by economist and he was argued that due to the labor militancy and inflation, the solution will create a new crisis of capitalism and force the capitalism system to reinvent itself again. Lastly, based on ( Kaletsky ) the thirty years epoch started with Thatcherism in 1979 and ended with the crisis of 2007-2009.

Twelfth Night Essay: The Necessity of Cross-dressing -- Twelfth Night

The Necessity of Cross-dressing Twelfth Night      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The action of Twelfth Night begins shortly after a damaging tempest shipwrecks the heroine, casting her upon foreign shores. Upon arrival in this strange seaport, Viola--like the Princess Leonide--dons male disguise which facilitates both employment and time enough to orient herself in this unfamiliar territory.    Viola's transvestism functions as emblematic of the antic nature of Illyrian society. As contemporary feminist and Shakespearean scholars are quick to point out, cross-dressing foregrounds not only the concept of role playing and thus the constructed or performative nature of gender but also the machinations of power. Viola can only make her way in this alien land if she assumes the trappings--and with these garments the--privileges of masculinity. Her doublet and hose act as her passport and provide her with a livelihood, a love interest, and friendship (just as Leonide's breeches allow her passage into Hermocrate's garden).    Viola's male masquerade also calls attention to the more general theme of masking. As Cesario, Viola suggests that things are not always as they seem, that identities are protean, that self-deception rivals self-knowledge and that only Time can untie complicated "knots." Coppelia Kahn points out that the cross-dressing in Twelfth... ... Critical Interpretations, ed. Harold Bloom (New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987) 43. For further discussion on renaissance gender performance and identity politics among Shakespeare's cross-dressed heroines, see Michael Shapiro's Gender in Play on the Shakespearean Stage: Boy Heroines and Female Pages (Ann Arbor: The University of MIchigan Press, 1994). 6- Elliot Krieger, "Malvolio and Class Ideology in Twelfth Night," Modern Critical Interpretation, ed. Harold Bloom (New York: Chelsea HousePublishers, 1987) 24. 7- J.M. Lothian and T.W. Craik, "In troduction," The Arden Shakespeare: Twelfth Night , ed. Lothian and Craik (New York: Routledge, 1991) lvi.

Life Dosen’t Frighten Me Essay

The speaker takes on the stance that she is fearless against common fears in life She deals with her fears in an imaginary sort of way. She faces them with a magic charm ‘ that she keep[s] up [her] sleeve, not in a realistic way by marching up to them and facing them with courage, for example. The author denies that she actually has any fears. Magic, the way she deals with her fears , is not real therefore I believe she is in denial of her fears I don ‘t think the author is afraid of what anything in the actual poem I think that she has probably already faced and conquered these particular fears or been subjected to them at some point already in her life. This is why she does not fear them because they are not unknown. The author should not be afraid of these fears because they are mostly childhood fears I think she strongly refused to be afraid of them because they are childish fears If the author was actually afraid of shadows, noises, ghosts, dogs being alone, stranger s, and boys, I ‘d take it that she was very childish in her manners and had not been exposed to much in her life . While most children fear these things initially , they grow up and overcome those fears as they face life. I think that if the writer were to be afraid of these , she may possibly be classified in a stereotypical manner of a young girl , but certainly not a woman , especially in the twenty first century where woman ‘ suggest strength and power almost equal to that of man. However, girl ‘ still holds the stereotype of weaker frailer, and in need of being protected (from things such as fears I do not find it interesting at all that of these things frighten the speaker. I think the speaker is trying to be convey strength, but it is such an immature strength , that it is a very weak argument. According to the fifth stanza , the speaker seems to be saying that boys are nasty brutes who pick on the girls who appear to be extremely girly. The speaker probably fits in physically and stereotypically with the children , but mentally, emotionally, and intellectually she is older since she can detach herself from life . She is more artistic and free in that sense than her peers. Other indicators that the speaker is fearless is how she makes the ghosts go away I go boo. Make them shoo ‘ and her sense that anything is possible I can walk the ocean floor. And never have to breathe. Strangers in the dark frighten me slightly as do panthers, but only if they are loose.

IT and Web Research Paper Great Recommendations to Get Started

IT and Web Research Paper Great Recommendations to Get Started In your academic journey, you will discover that a research paper is a popular academic assignment that enables you to explore different issues in your area of study. In information technology-related courses, it is likely that you will encounter numerous assignments that require you to research and compile a research paper, whether from a theoretical perspective or a technical point of view. Your tutor may assign you a research paper for different purposes, i.e., to equip you with necessary academic writing skills, to gauge your understanding of the taught concepts, to test your ability to transfer knowledge, to assess your ability to apply class concepts in practice, and test how you synthesize information technology topics. A research paper in IT may provide you with an opportunity to investigate research works of others. It may also be your opportunity to contribute your own research to a particular question of interest in the field. Writing your research paper will further help you practice important academic skills, such as formulating research questions, conducting research, managing time, organizing information into coherent ideas, and presenting insights about the research of the final copy. You need to ask yourself the following questions before you get your hands on the preparation phase of your writing process to understand the paper dynamics and aspects that it should cover. What topic have I chosen for my research and why? What do I know now about the topic? What do I want to find out? What are the controversies of the chosen topic? Did anything surprise me during my IT classes that I need to explore? What has been the most captivating aspect of the material I have encountered so far? Follow the recommendations below to craft an A-grade research paper in information technology. Pre-Writing Tips to Warm Up Before an Actual Writing Prewriting in research is a general term denoting a range of activities that help you begin the writing process. The approach will help you develop ideas for your research, and guide you in exploring and organizing your thoughts before drafting the paper. By engaging in the process, you can also determine your audience and purpose. Below is a list of important prewriting strategies. Selecting a topic. Topic selection is the first and most important element of the research paper writing process. The selected topic should fall within the IT field of study and be manageable and interesting. Ensure that the selected research topic has the potential to add value to the existing IT literature and persuade different stakeholders to adopt certain practices relevant to the field issues. Freewriting. Free writing is freedom as it. The technique involves writing down anything and everything that comes to your mind. You do not need to pay attention to spelling or grammar conventions. Note taking. While conducting your research, take note of the important arguments, themes, theories, statistics, and facts documented in your sources. The process ensures you never miss any major theories and issues that influence the research topic. Clustering. To cluster your ideas into meaningful information, write down major points on a piece of paper. Subsequently, use links to put together matching or related ideas. Clustering helps you to develop themes that create more focus. Once you are done with clustering, outline why the topic and research are significant, the relevant background material, the thesis, and purpose statements, and the organizational plan for major and supporting ideas. Selecting a Topic for Your Research Paper: A Few Ideas from Our Writers The most challenging aspect of writing your IT research paper is selecting an appropriate topic. Here are some tips to help you in choosing one: Select a topic you are interested in to ensure the research paper is informative and relevant; Narrow your ideas to generate a manageable topic. Manageability of a research topic is determined through the scope and information availability. Examples of an appropriate topic for an information technology research paper include: An Integrative Model of IT Business Value: Information Technology Organizational Performance; Management Strategies for Information Systems Management: A Case of Apple Inc.; IT Workplace Organization the Need for Skilled Employees at the Firm-Level; The Role of Technology Resources, Human Resources, and Business Resources in Creating a Competitive Advantage: IT Perspective; IT and Organizational Transformation as Promoters of Business Performance. Creating a Research Paper Title for Your IT Assignment Making up a title is a difficult task. Several ways can be used to develop a research paper title, and while some may appear better than the rest, it is impossible to point out only one as they are all useful in their capacity. Here are a few ideas that can help you develop a research paper title. Do not settle on one. Firstly, you need to do research and come up with probable issues you can explore and write about. You may craft a title once you have a vague idea of what you will discuss in the research paper. However, improve the title as you proceed with the writing and research process. In this case, you may go through several titles before you settle for one. Just do not be in a hurry. Establish the theme of your research paper. Think about the basic ideas you intend to convey in your research paper and avoid vague terms. If you have already come up with a thesis statement, you can use it to develop your title. Establish your research paper audience. If you’re writing an essay in information technology, you may try to hook the audience with something brief and catchy. However, you may want to provide broader ideas of issues and concepts in information technology. Thus, you should consider your audience and ensure you develop an appropriate title that will capture their interest. The research paper aims to capture your readers’ attention and draw them to the research issue you are exploring. Follow the steps below to formulate a suitable topic for your research paper and identify: The purpose of the research; The narrative tone of the paper as defined by the type of research; The methods used in the research; An effective title for your academic research paper should have several characteristics. The title should: Have no abbreviations; Accurately indicate the subject and scope of the study; Have words that create a positive impression and stimulate the reader’s interest; Use current nomenclature from the IT field of study; Identify key variables if the research paper is based on experimentation; Reveal what the paper will discuss and how it is organized; Be limited to 10-15 substantive words; Not have constructions such as â€Å"study of,† â€Å"analysis of† or anything similar; Be in the form of a phrase or question; Use correct grammar and capitalization with all first words and last words capitalized, including the first word of a subtitle. All nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs that appear between the first and last words of the title should be capitalized. Formulating a Thesis Statement for Your Research Paper The thesis statement is a sentence that summarizes your research paper content, provides your argument concerning the discussion topic and gives an idea of what to expect. In this case, you should formulate a thesis statement that informs your readers about the subject of your paper and the position you will take in the discussion. Remember that a strong thesis statement requires solid proof. Thus, it should not be merely a statement of fact. Ensure you back it up with detailed supporting evidence that will interest the readers. The following tips are effective for drafting your thesis statement. Know the topic. It is easier to write a thesis statement if you know the topic and are familiar with its content and concepts. Reflecting on the lecture notes and researching will help you know more about your topic. Limit your topic. Based on information gathered and the required length of your research paper, limit your topic to a specific area. A narrow scope of the topic will require a shorter paper while a broad scope will require a wordy and complex paper. Brainstorm. Try to discover new ideas and note them down. Try to come up with common themes based on the generated ideas. In addition to the themes, the chosen topic, and the researched information, you can come up with an appropriate thesis statement. A good thesis statement must: Make a clear, limited, and definite assertion that can be explored and justified using scholarly evidence; Have specific arguments that provide the direction of your paper; Not be too broad for your paper. Otherwise, it would be impossible to explore every aspect of your claim. Ensure the scope projected in the thesis statement is manageable; Present an argument that can be proven or argued against; Show your position on the topic and direction of your argument. Structure of Your IT Research Paper The structure is one of the things you should pay attention to when writing your research. The structure of a research paper is basic, and you can use this layout for any type of it. All papers should have three parts, namely the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. Unlike an essay or a term paper, an IT research paper has almost six parts that form a formal structure of the paper. You should ensure your research paper has the title page, the abstract, the introduction, the body, the conclusion, and the reference section. Each of the sections contains different information and is equally significant. Check the most common way that students can structure their research papers: Title page. The title page contains the title of the paper and is the first element the reader encounters in your paper. Often, it is written on a separate page but can be presented as a stand-alone text as well. However, the title can appear just above the paper’s abstract. Abstract. The abstract summarizes the paper content and includes the research issue and significance of the study, the methods used to conduct research, findings, and their implications. Introduction. This offers a general statement about the research topic and is used to draw people into your writing. It presents the main arguments that the research paper is exploring, namely the thesis statement. The thesis statement, which indicates the information that you’re trying to prove through your paper, should be the idea that controls the entire project. Body. Notably, the body of a research paper presents a literature review. Here, you explore the research that has already been done on the chosen IT concept. The second important element of the body is the methodology section that allows to input information concerning how the research was conducted and what instruments were used in the process. In this case, it shows the way you are going to explore the thesis statement highlighted in the introduction. Thirdly, your research paper must have the results segment, which highlights findings from the conducted study. The last paragraphs should highlight a discussion of the study results, their implications, and relevance to the IT field of study. Conclusion. In this section, provide the general statement about the topic and some final thoughts about the issue at hand. Restate the thesis statement and sum up the major points that were used in the paper to prove the thesis statement. Post Writing Tips: The End Is Near! During the IT research paper writing process, you may err at any point in any of the grammar, sentences, tense, or paragraph mechanics aspects. These errors affect your overall grade. Engage in a review of your research paper to ensure it is free from paragraph, sentence, and word errors. Ensure to reference all the cited sources using appropriate referencing styles.

Consumer Protection with Regard to the Ethics Code

Consumer Protection with Regard to the Ethics Code As psychology has developed, the efforts to provide consumer protection have promoted the establishment of specific rules, principles, and standards.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Protection with Regard to the Ethics Code specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In particular, the present set of standards and ethical issues has created the ground for analyzing the difference between consumer protections in such settings as assessment/testing and therapy/counseling. These settings undertaken by psychologists have certain differences and similarities with regard to consumer protection. The APA’s Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct is a set of rules and standard aimed at sustaining favorable relationships between a psychologist and a patient/client and introducing the basis for customer protection. Discussing the field of psychotherapy/counseling, all roles and aspects of psychologists†™ services are based on treating patients with regard to informed consent. In this respect, all clauses presented in the standards are aimed at minimizing the conflicts between a patient and a psychologist. Psychologists should inform their clients about all possible treatment techniques and methods to avoid ambiguity in future. In addition, they are prohibited to be engaged in sexual relationships to establish an objective ground for the course of therapy. The primary concern of a therapist, therefore, is to take reasonable efforts for supporting client’s privacy and objectivity of treatment (Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, 2010b). All these measures are created for preserving confidentiality and eliminating conflicts. Finally, the clauses related to the termination/interruption of therapy are designed for eliminating conflicts with the clients and minimizing the risk of confidential information leakage.Advertising Looking for essay on soci al sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from similarities, there are some differences between consumer protections for therapy/counseling. The major difference in assessments lies in a number of clients resorting to professional help. In particular, if a psychologist involves one person in the course of therapy, he/she should not be engaged in several setting and roles. The main goal of a psychologist, therefore, is to choose an individual approach and ensure his/her client for quality of the treatment techniques. It should also be stressed that the number of people involved into treatment also identifies the extent of risk to be taken by a patient. In particular, the therapist should be aware of all nuances of relationships and the major aspect for assessing the conflict. Furthermore, psychologist should be able to identify the type of relationships he/her should have with each person (Ethical Principles of Psych ologists and Code of Conduct, 2010b). Finally, the differences in number of patients participating in similar therapeutic sessions also influence the circumstances under which psychologists should terminate the treatment. It involves such aspects as duration, nature of a problem, and techniques used for conducting a therapy. Discussing similarities between consumer protections for assessment/testing, all clauses are aimed at discussing the level of credibility and validity of methods, techniques, and information applied for the process of treatment. In particular, the aspects of validity and reliability are discovered through empirical, theoretical and evaluative evidence obtained in the course of therapy and through limits they created for a client. In other words, all data available for analyzing, testing, and assessing have been viewed through the prism of limitations and implications for a patient in terms of therapy efficiency, patient’s satisfaction, and appropriateness of techniques applied. The similarity is explicitly viewed when referring to first passages of clauses 9.01 and 9.02 where the first one states that â€Å"†¦psychologists documents the efforts they made and the result of these effort, clarify the probable impact of their limited information on the reliability and validity of their opinions, and appropriately limit the nature and extent of their conclusions or recommendations† (Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, 2010a).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Protection with Regard to the Ethics Code specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Similarly, clause 9.02 (b) reveals, â€Å"[p]sychologists use assessment instruments whose validity and reliability have been established for use with members of the populated tested. When such validity or reliability has not been established, psychologists describe the strengths and limitations of tes t results and interpretation† (Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, 2010a). The major difference between consumer protections for assessment/testing setting lies in the nature and character of information obtained from the client. This aspect greatly affects the results and further process of treatment. In particular, depending on the type of information received (either qualitative or quantitative), a psychologist makes use of different approaches for analyzing and assessing information and making further assumptions and opinions. Hence, â€Å"†¦the purpose, norms, validity, reliability, and applications† are clearly identified as soon as the information has been processed and classified (Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, 2010a). It is also worth noticing that the previously established similarities of emerging limitations during the case will also be different if the character of collected data is different as well. Defi ning the differences and similarities between consumer protections for such broad settings as assessment and therapy plays a significant role in identifying the major aspects of clients’ care and treatment.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In particular, it enables psychologists to identify and classify the received information, instruments and techniques needed for facilitating the course of therapy and sustaining the principles of customer protection. Reference List Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct: Standard 9: Assessment (2010a). American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct: Standard 10: Therapy (2010b). American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index

Introduction to Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Introduction to Business - Essay Example This implies that Potz’s assets are more likely to be converted into cash beforehand to that of the Wannabees. It is therefore believed that Potz possess lesser risk to the banks and thus suits more to their requirements to pay-off the loan. (Brigham, 1985) The calculations of the acid test ratio have only confirmed our opinion. It can be observed from the calculations above that Wannabee has too much cash entrapped in inventories which takes time to liquidate. (Brigham, 1985) On the other hand Potz, whose acid-test ratio is 5.7 times larger than that of the Wannabees, is more likely to attract the bank due to its ability to liquefy itself. Therefore, it is expected that the Potz is more likely to receive the loan due to its capacity to turn its assets into cash, which can be reflected in the calculations of their acid-test ratio. Despite the fact that liquidity plays an important role in the bank’s decision to grant the loan but one cannot ignore the impact of the profitability, efficiency and leverage ratios in the process. However, if the best decision is to be based on the ratios given in the exercise then Potz is likely to succeed in the

TIME MANAGEMENT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

TIME MANAGEMENT - Research Paper Example There are no specific ways of managing time as it keeps on varying from one person to another. Hence, it is advisable that before one settles down for a specific guideline, it is advisable that a person works on numerous alternatives to achieve the best. Factors to Consider for Success in DBA Program In order to become a successful online student, a number of considerations and planning must be put in place and consider that a person has to allocate some time for his family, and leisure. DBA program is an online learning program that is totally different from traditional classrooms where students meet with their tutor for physical class interactions. Apparently, lack of class meeting, gives a student freedom to make his or her own decision on whether to participate or not. This makes a provision of flexibility, but restricts him or her to set aside time for personal studies. Unlike in a traditional class, most of the teaching is done through online moderation and notes are dispatched through websites. It is advised that the students should take their time to access and read these notes. In addition, a student should successfully go through technical orientation as a full orientation that exposes a student to technical use of the system. This enables the students to gain competency and skills of going through the software before the course actually commences. In turn, this minimizes the time that could have been spent in learning how to maneuver through the system during the course of training. Of importance to note is that, having a competency in the system enables the student to concentrate entirely on studies. Understanding the course outline and accessing course outline before the semester begins enable the student to get familiarized with the topics to be covered during that session (Rogers, 2009). Also, it is good to understand that most of the sites share similarities in the outline but the topic vary from one unit to the other. Students are expected to r ead and understand the syllabus and the concepts of what they are about to study. This enables them to depict the prediction of their expectations. Management and keeping up to date with time enables an individual to prioritize on course work (Allen, 2005). This should be followed by logging into the system at some specific hours at least every day. It is advisable to make a choice of such time when the mind is fresh as it enables defined study structure, and motivates towards achievement of goals. Pros and Cons of Online Learning Online education is considered convenient in the sense that, it can be effectively moderated beyond geographical boundaries (Inoue, 2007). Students do not have to attend lecture session as in traditional classes but can attend to a virtual class at definite location. It also offers new possibilities for learning with regard to presentation of information. However, it is limited to technological accessibility (Rogers, 2009). Affordable in terms of cost, a s tudent can attend a class session without incorporation of travel expenses (Bourne, 2003). Besides, it allows the student to work while still studying, over and above, allowing for technological expansion. Since most of the studies are done through the use of computers, students have the experience of additional

Human behavior in the workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Human behavior in the workplace - Essay Example This report also includes the main issues that are faced within organisations due to difference in personalities and the traits of individuals. Some of the normal issues faced within organisations due to a mix of different personalities are discussed within this section. Firstly due to the different personalities within an organisation the management of the organisation will face a number of issues to motivate the employees. It will require taking different steps for every individual to motivate the employees. This can cause the organisation to spend a lot of time and resources in trying to motivate each individual. Also this could at times cause a feeling of inequality among the employees and could make it even more difficult for the management to motivate employees (Harvard Business Review, 2000). Also the different personalities cause a high possibility of conflicts of interest within the organisation, and different perspectives in relations to issues. These issues can cause a very unpleasant working environment for the employees. This does not only effect the employee’s motivations but also the mental stability and peacefulness. An unhealthy working environment also leads to employees loosing interest in work and can lead to absenteeism. These leads the employees to face stress in regards to work. Friedman and Rosenman, scholars have in their work have displayed the importance of the relationship between personality and health. They presented in their work that negative emotional states of employees including depression and work life stress can prove to be very disadvantageous to their health. Employees, who have a negative emotional state of mind, have been studied to have various disorders like asthma, headaches and ulcers. Also these employees tend to be more prone to lack in confidence, assertiveness in relationships, poor time management skills as well as poor stress management

The Kite Runner Theme Assessment Essay Example for Free

The Kite Runner Theme Assessment Essay Sex, it can be an act of love or even a way to demonstrate passion, but can it also be used as a way to show dominance? In the play â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† Sex represents power. Stanley rapes Blanche in order to demonstrate his superiority over her. Sex is not just a way to show affection to another person. Stanley uses sex as a tool to prove his might. He demonstrates to Blanche that he can have her whenever he wants her. Raping Blanche is one way Stanley proves he has control over Blanche and her sister. Even now in modern society sex is used as not only a way to show affection, but also as a way to display supremacy. In southern California we have thousands of sex offenders running rampant through the streets. In there minds its okay to dominate another person through sexual activities. Stanley, in the play, is described as a masculine person. He is physically strong and is often referred to as a beast. Animals, out in the wild, use sex to show dominance in their clan or group. For example the rest of the walruses looks up the walrus that has a mate. Stanley is in this way an animal. He allows his primal instincts to take over. Therefore he is the dominant male in the household and must have everything his way. Around this time males are still looked upon as the â€Å"providers† for their families, therefore they had a higher position. Even without Stanley raping Blanche he already had some type of influence over her and her sister. Blanche tries to make Stella leave Stanley. Stanley already does not like Blanche and when he notices her not falling in line with what he wants he begins to attack her. First by removing Mitch from her side then by removing Stella. Once he notices she is weak he decides to strike. Power is a desirable thing to come by. It comes to no surprise that Stanley took advantage of Blanche and raped her. Like in the animal kingdom if their dominance is being challenged they must answer the call or risk loosing everything. Stanley like having things the way they were and in the end he displayed his power and control over Stella and her sister.

Unilever International Strategy Analysis

Unilever International Strategy Analysis 1. Introduction 2.2 The main factors influencing the market strategies 2.2.1 The influence from macro environmental factors on strategy selection Environmental factors have influences on strategy selection (Johnson and Scholes, 2002). Such factors refer to the aspects of politics, economy, society and technology. PEST analysis can be used to discover the possible tendency in external environment which may finally determine the strategy a company adopts. A multi-national company may pay special attention to the relationships between governments and the future policies a government may adopt due to the influences of political factors. The MNC may also care about the changes of labor cost and exchange rate influenced by economic factors (Johnson and Scholes, 2002). With PEST analysis a connection is established between the general environment and strategy selection. Therefore, the weak and implicit signals hidden in the general environment become critical factors explaining the changes of strategies (Henry, 2008). 2.2.2 The influence from micro environment factors on strategy selection The macro environment affects all firms while micro environment affects the films only in particular industries. This comprises very loosely the internalities of the organization: that is, the forces over which the organization has some control, or perhaps influence is a better way of describing the level of power the organization possesses (Jon, Peter, Patrick 2004). Micro environment factors include consumers, employees, suppliers, shareholders, media and competitors. One classic model that looks at the structure of an industry is Michael Porters Five Forces model (Malcolm and Dennis 2002). The challenge facing the firm is how to reach market and serve it efficiently and a socially responsible scale (Vincent 2008). 2.2.3 The ways of core competence affecting strategy selection Starting inside an enterprise, core competency or resource-based views mainly concentrate on evaluating what special abilities an enterprise has in adapting to the business environment and acquiring the best market opportunities to exploit (Brain, 2003). Carpenter (2007) proposes that as the center of a company operating its business, core competence concerns the abilities that can be commonly applied by enterprises in their principal businesses and helps them create innovative products and services. Core competence can become the basis of establishing new strategies, and help a company to break down the old rules and create opportunities in new areas (Joyce and Woods, 2001). 2.2.4 International strategy The enormous variety of operations embraces by the term multinational has led some writers to distinguish between for key strategies when competing in the international business environment: a global strategy, a transnational strategy, a multidomestic strategy and an international strategy (Wall and Rees, 2004). A major limitation is its lack of localized strategy. It can be contrasted with the multinational model. Often called a multidomestic model, it is a decentralized federation (Bartlett and Ghoshal, 1998:56). National subsidiaries are managed as independent units, able to adapt strategy to local conditions. Co-ordination from the centre is limited, and based on personal relationships between managers from the centre and those in subsidiary units, rather than on formal management systems (Morrison, 2009). 3. Macro and Micro Environment for Unilever According to Stonehouse and al (2004: 142) the macro environment is the part of the environment over which the business can rarely exert any direct influence but to which it must respond. To analyse Unilevers external environment critically, the basic method is PESTEL, which focuses on the change in terms of politics, economy, society, technology, environment and laws. The main factors that influence Unilevers macro environment are economy and society. For economic factor, new emerging market is developing rapidly, such as India which stands for $300 million every year. According to the economic situation, the whole world is undergoing a revolution in the history. The economic power has transferred from developed countries to China and other emerging market. With market reform, the speed of development in new emerging economies is much faster than that of developed countries. And this discrepancy is more easily to be found. Because of such specific market, political aspect also should be taken into account. In some countries where increasing GDP and rate of employment is everything, like South Africa, negotiation and special treatment from government will become good advantages for companies. Obviously, Unilever has done well in capitalizing this advantages into growth. In India, besides retail market in cities, Unilever also shows great interest in rural market, which is often ignored by other enterprises. The company has invested much in rural population who are the biggest potential consumers in the future though rank lowest now in global economy. Unilever has given fully play to opportune time, advantageous terrain an popular support of its subsidiary Hindustan lever ltd, exploiting rural retail market in-depth and finally gained a national vision in India. Whats more, the economic factor in macro environment not only refers to the domestic economy. Global economy situation also influenced its development a lot. The economic crisis in 2008 has affected almost every nation, every industry in the world. So does Unilever. Take Chinese market for an example, in recent 30 years, particularly in recent ten years, the GDP has grew with an increase never under 10%, but in 2008 after September, the number dropped to 9.5%, lower than that of the second quarter. For political factor, similarly, lets hold Chinese market as the example. When Unilever enter Chinese market at first, it can only establish joint venture on the ground of the restricted policies at that time. The company set up Shanghai Lever Ltd with local enterprises in 1986. However, both party had divergence on development strategies and the joint venture structure leaded to decreased management efficiency. In 1999, Unilever gave up joining investment with local enterprises and turn to co-operate with its headquarter, building up Unilever Ltd, China. This change has greatly enforced the companys control over business in China. Besides economy and politics, social factor also affect Unilever. Since the late 1990s, Unilever has confronted a awkward situation in China. As Unilever pursue the multi brand strategy, only 14% Chinese knew what Unilever is at that time. But its competitor, Nestle and PG has already gained well public awareness. Thus the company started marketing with social responsibility. Unilever Hope Star project is then designed to help 200 impoverished students for their university with financial assistance. The then president of Unilever also flied to Chongqing to meet with the first 25 students. In addition, it invested hundreds of Hope School in many parts of China. All these efficient public-service activities has increased Unilevers reputation and fostered a positive corporate image. Micro environment includes suppliers, distributors, customers, competitors and publics. As to Unilever, among them the most important one is distributors and competitors weigh much as well. Traditionally, Unilever is a multidivisional organization. Its subsidiaries in every nation take in charge of all the products in local market. But after middle 1990s, this form was longer accustomed to the dynamic marketing environment. In 1996, Unilever decided to let many divisional departments of business group focus on certain specific products. For instance, in European business group, some departments stressed on detergent business, while some focus on ice-cream or frozen food. For the competitors, PG, undoubtedly, is Unilevers closest one. There are fierce rivalries between two companies in many fields like hair product. PG has introduced Head-shoulders, REJOICE and PANTENE successively, known as professional anti-scurf, smooth hair and conditioning hair shampoos. Thus, Unilever has launched a new brand CLREAR in order to cover its shortage in anti-handcuff market. This has been not a small impact on PG. 3. Industry globalisation / localisation drivers and Key factors for success 3.1 The globalization / localization of Unilever With the development of interweaved economy, Unilever began to modify its management strategies since 1990s, concentrating on its advantageous products and brands. At the same time, Unilever pays great attention to combining globalisation with localisation. It will develop its new products ingredients, formulas and even advertisement and package according to the diversified habit and expectations of consumers in different regions. For example, if the home office decides to launch a new brand of ice-cream, a united formula, ingredient list, manufacturing technology, package and advertisement will be offered globally. But it also changes the basic product slightly, like adding or reducing ingredients, so that the ice-cream can satisfy the different tastes of consumers. The producer may add more cocoa in southern Asia while reduce sweetness in China. And in different area, the local language will appear on the package, the local star will show on advertisement. However, the manufacturing technology, logo and quality standard is single. Local sales office or research institutions have no right to control or change. They can put forward suggestions but cannot make decisions. If the company wants to introduce cosmetics, a unique local condition is unavoidable to consider. Which type of skin do they belong? Are their skins sensitive? What is the color of their color? Producers should change the formula or ingredients based on these questions. Otherwise the product will find no market and damage the producers reputations. 3.2 The key point for the success of Unilever The key point for the success of Unilever mainly consists of two part: 1, promoting brand value; 2, establishing Competency Model 3.2.1 Not to create but to buy it As analysed, in order to create a new brand, only media investment can reach at least $200 billion. If a company is going to enter a total new market or a foreign market, the cost of expanding brand publicity will be much more expensive, let alone the existed threats from other powers in the original market. In this case, many enterprises will choose to promote brand value through use of capital. Unilever is one of the representatives. Unilever owns more 400 brands around the world but most of them is first purchased from other nations and then popularized to the whole world. Ponds originated from US but were purchased by Unilever, who has developed it as a very famous skin product in the world. Another brand is Zhonghua, which is traditional toothpaste of China. Unilever included it as one of its branches and now Zhonghua has become the top one in Chinese market again. But potential crisis also exist behind success. Since 1996, Unilever has suffered great decline in turnover, while PG still maintains a stable increase on the contrary. In 2004, both Unilever and PG gained a income of nearly $52 billion. The later ones yearly profit reached as much as $6.4 billion, but Unilever only had $2.42 billion. An indispensable reason is just the purchasing strategy although it has pushed Unilever to success. 3.2.2 Set up Competency Model In Unilever, the values of company will tell employees what to do and how to do it. If the employee agrees with the values, he is naturally tended to behave by following it, or to restrict himself with the guidance of the values. If he does not agree, he needs to change himself by acquired learning. And here, a comparatively clear standard or instructions is necessary. Thus, Unilever established the Competency Model, which aids employees to know themselves correctly, to march on improving themselves. If employees quality is increased, so does the working efficiency and achievement. This has brought more profit to Unilever in turn. 4. International Strategy for Unilever and the comparisons between Unilever and PG 4.1 International Strategy for Unilever Unilever was once a typical MNC, but now it has transferred to operate with multinational strategies. In the 1980s, just in Europe, Unilever had altogether 17 major brands of washing products all over the worlds, which is not only a waste of asset, but also causes market overlapping. Moreover, since subsidiaries of Unilever are widely distributed all over the world, it often takes as many as four years for them to promote a new product. Unilever is now trying to integrate its European operations into a single entity, and to the manufacture of detergents emphasizing cost-effectiveness of several plants. Unilever uses standardized packaging and advertising approaches all over Europe. According to the estimation of the company, an annual cost can be saved more than $200 million. But at the same time, because of distribution channels and brand awareness of the country-specific differences, Unilever company recognizes that it still maintains regional adaptation, and even tries to possess the best location in production and marketing to achieve its economic objective. 4.2 To evaluate Unilevers international strategies by comparing it with PG in Chinese market. 4.2.1The brand competition between Unilever and PG What are the reasons that lead to Unilever, the owner of many Chinese native brands, inferior to PG, who only has its own brands, in Chinese market? The strategic reason is acceptable, but more important is reflection on Unilevers marketing mix. In this section, the author will analyse Unilevers strategies by comparing CLEAR and Head Shoulders. Brand strategy In terminal promotion, all related hair products has involved in it. It seems that PG takes more finesse in this competition, no matter for the influence of single brand or the brand fitness. Market basis CLEAR can date back to 1973. The product has been sold in many places such as Europe, Southeast Asia and gained more 100 billion consumers in the world. However, 80% market share is occupied by Head Shoulders in anti-handcuff market. Product mix For the first time CLEAR segments the anti-handcuff market further. It aims at the blind point in market and introduces a new hair product specially for men. Terminal construction CLEAR is a new brand in Chinese market. Though it has a background of Unilever, the public awareness has not been established yet. Contrarily, Head Shoulders has been the leader in this field with many years of cultivation. On the other hand, as Unilever lacks in terminal resources and market basis, CLEARs coverage rate in all kinds of retail terminal is still far behind Head Shoulders. For the reasons, we may find that CLEAR depends two much on marketing segments and advertisement, but ignores the efficiency and performance problem in sales practice. Unilevers awkward position in China mainly results from: Mistaken idea of co-operation In early years, Unilever operates the management strategy as: to co-operate with some native enterprises by using their distribution network and salesmen. This strategy is ok, but Unilever hasnt done well in coordination and management. Among the 12 joint ventures, each of them has its own production line, distribution system and salesmen. Many parts overlap together, thus increase the total cost. Product management defect Chinese market is very broad and complicated. Consumers needs varied from place to place because of the different customs and habits. In order to meet this trend, the producer has to invent some products with some unique features and right market position. But certainly Unilever is inadequate in this part. Compared Unilevers product list with that of PG, we can see that, for the hair product alone, every brand has fulfilled different consumers requirements. These products possess clear market position that attracts large number of consumers. Relatively, Unilever hasnt done enough in this point. 4.3 Unilevers advantageous strategies Yet, the failure in one part doesnt mean the total failure. Unilever also has some distinctive strategies that stimulate the company to advance. 4.3.1 Global brands is important as well as local brands Among Unilevers 400 global brands, most of them is purchased from original countries first and then popularized to the whole world. Unilevers success greatly depends on its deep root in local market and the first-hand data of regional culture. The company will change dynamically to adapt to the local conditions. Global and native brands develop together so that the company will gain maximum benefit. 4.3.2 Marketing channel of distribution strategy Unilevers marketing channel covers almost parts of countries, and its management and insensitive level is high. In this way, the home office can transfer its purpose clearly from level to level. 4.3.3 Market promotion Unilevers advertising designs embody each products characteristics and form an interactive effect. Conveying promotional messages through advertisement has presented the companys positive image. This made Unilever as one of the most successful supplier of everyday use. 5. Core Competences of Unilever Core Competency is a special ability of a company that competitors find extremely difficult or impossible to equal (Wild, Wild, and Han, 2010). As an important component of the companys core competitiveness, brand is closely related to such categories of competitiveness as enterprises culture, core technology, and human resources, etc. Market competition comes from the previous product quality, price, variety and service. Unilever takes the brand strategy as its core competitiveness. Unilever has a rich, mature, multi-brand management experience for a global perspective, it focuses on brand strategy, decreases the number of brands from 2000 to 400, so as to ensure the first-line brand growth. As for localization, Unilever has meanwhile sought in the development of global brands, as well as protection and development of domestic brands. Large international brands integrated into the development process of Unilever have always been of a high priority. 75% of Unilevers sales volume comes from 400 brands in these 2000 ones. 4.6% growth over last year. These brands have a high profit. If they focus on the development of these 400 brands, their business is bound to generate a greater benefit. Compressing the size of Unilever brand is based on the 80/20 rule, that is, the golden rule under which 80% of the companys sales is created from 20% of the merchandises, i.e. 400 brands selected from 2000 ones (Christopher, 2003). 6. Effectiveness of Unilevers strategy and operation Unilever has been the leader in everyday use market. This is undoubtedly successful. Being a multinational company, Unilever has fostered a positive image in new emerging market. Through purchasing native brands, Unilever has enlarged the popularity of its products and the market share. But compared to PG, Unilever leaves much to be desired in recent years. In 2004, the income of Unilever dropped 6% than last year, and the profit dropped as much as 9%. In September of the same year, Unilever issued a profit warning without precedent, saying that the company may not reach the promised profit growth. Companys multinational strategy sounds very attractive as it hold cost and differentiation advantages at the same time. But operating this strategy is quite difficult. The press from local adjusting collides with lower cost to Unilever. Competing with other low-cost enterprises forces Unilever to improve cost reduction. Meanwhile, the different government regulations in the world require Unilever keep changing in response to the local needs. When entering a new market, Unilever prefers to seeking recourses from local environment, which reduce the cost a lot. While for the local adjusting, Unilever tries to close the gap by purchasing native brands. Moreover, localisation is the key strategy, including human resource localisation, capital running localisation, procurement localisation etc. But in the authors opinion, the most significant aspect of localisation is decision-making localisation. The Unilever system is slow in reacting and leads to an inefficient decision-making. This is the key problem that influences Unilevers performance. 7. Conclusion Unilever has developed as one of the leaders in the worlds consumer product brands. The company has carried out many strategies according to factors that influence business strategies. The factors refer to both macro and micro environment. For a multinational company, glolisation and localisation play a vital role in opening new market. Unilever is good at popularizing products by purchasing them from original countries. It is skilled in adjust its strategies to different local conditions. The paper has analysed the international strategies of Unilever and put forward critical advices for its further development. For example, to focus on combination of globalisation and localisation, to insist on its successful brand strategy, etc. It is argued to say that a strategy is absolutely good or not. A suitable strategy is more important. Any company must choose the strategies that best fit its pratical situation. Unilevers adjustment strategies based on local market information can best explain this. 8. Further Recommendations The development for a company cannot be smooth all the time. Even a multinational company like Unilever may face every kind of problems through the process. For example, as we have mentioned above, mistaken idea of co-operation, product operating defect, etc which lead Unilever to a awkward position in the competition. With these painful lessons, the author suggested that Unilever should sum up experiences and change its management strategies, like insisting on successful brand strategy, brands creativity strategy as well as focusing on combination of globalisation and localisation. Whats more, it should persist in training qualified employees and carrying out well-rounded localisation strategy. High qualified employees will bring unexpected profit to Unilever. And only having a thorough knowledge of market and consumers can Unilever remain unconquerable. Besides, Unilever also must know well the dynamic environment change and response it with adjustment measures. These measures should be suitable for the environmental requirements.